هي شرعا: أقوال وأفعال
مخصوصة، مفتتحة بالتكبير مختتمة بالتسليم وسميت بذلك لاشتمالها على الصلاة لغة،
وهي الدعاء.
According to term of Islamic
Perception (fiqh), shalah is all of speeches and actions which are begun by
takbir (enlargement of Allah’s name) and ended by salam
(salutation to Prophet Muhammad and His family). Those all are called shalah,
for their inclusion of shalah is based on its etymology; it means du’a
(prayer).
والمفروضات
العينية خمس في كل يوم وليلة، معلومة من الدين بالضرورة، فيكفر جاحدها.
Shalat which is judged fardu
‘ain (must be done individually; can not be entrusted by others) is five
times a day. Its imposition is known from information of deen (religion); as a
result, the person denying it becomes unbeliever.
ولم
تجتمع هذه الخمس لغير نبينا محمد (ص)، وفرضت ليلة الاسراء بعد النبوة بعشر سنين
وثلاثة أشهر، ليلة سبع وعشرين من رجب، ولم تجب صبح يوم تلك الليلة لعدم العلم
بكيفيتها.
Salah five times were
not convened, but it had been by Prophet Muhammad. They were prescribed in
the night of Isra (the journey of Rasulullah from Mecca to Bayt
al-maqdis) after ten years three months of prophecy in the night of 27 Rajab.
Salah Subuh were not prescribed yet after that day, for it had not been known
yet how to be done.
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